Nur Izzati

Chapter 12:  Integrating The Organization From End To End-Enterprise Resources Planning Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): at the heart of all ERP systems is a database, when a user enters or updates information in one module, it is immediately and automatically updated throughout the entire system  ERP systems automate business processes Bringing the organization together: ERP - the organization before ERP ERP - bringing the organization together Integrating SCM, CRM, and ERP: SCM, CRM, and ERP are the backbone of e-business. integration of these applications is the key to success for many companies. integration allows the unlocking of information to make it available to any user, anywhere, anytime. Integration Tools: many companies purchase modules from an ERP vendor, an SCM vendor, and a CRM vendor, and must integrate the different modules together middleware - several different types of software which sit in the middle of and pr

Building A Customer-Centric Organization-Customer Management Customer Relationship Management (CRM): CRM enables an organization to: provide better customer service make call centers more efficient cross sell products more effectively help sales staff close deals faster simplify marketing and sales processes discover new customers increase customer revenues Recency, Frequency, and Monetary Value: organizations can find their most valuable customers through "RFM" - Recency, Frequency, and Monetary Value how recently a customer purchased items (Recency) how frequency a customer purchased items (Frequency) how much a customer spends on each purchase (Monetary Value) The Evolution of CRM: CRM reporting technology - help organizations identify their customers across other applications CRM analysis technologies - help organization segment their customers into categories such as best and worst customers CRM predicting technologies - help organiz

Extending The Organization-Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management: the average company spends nearly half of every dollar that if it earns on production. in the past, companies focused primarily on manufacturing and quality improvements to influence their supply chains. Basic of Supply Chain: the supply chain has three main links: material flow from suppliers and their "upstream" suppliers at all levels transformation of materials into semi finished and finished products through the organization's own production process distribution of products to customers and their "downstream" customers at all levels organizations must embrace technologies that can effectively manage supply chains. Information Technology's Role in the Supply Chain: it's primary role is to create integrations or tight process and information linkages between functions within a firm factors driving SCM Visibility: supply ch

Enabling The Organization - Decision Making Decision Making: reasons for the growth of decision-making information systems people need to analyze large amounts of information people must make decisions quickly people must apply sophisticated analysis techniques, such as modeling and forecasting, to make good decisions people must protect the corporate asset of organizational information Model - a simplified representation or abstraction of reality IT systems in an enterprise Transaction Processing Systems: moving up through the organizational pyramid users move from requiring transactional information to analytical information. Transaction processing system - the basic business system that serves the operational level (analysts) in an organization. Online transaction processing (OLTP) - the capturing of transaction and event information using technology to (1) process the information according to defined business rules, (2) store the informat

Accessing Organizational Information-Data Warehouse Data Warehouse Fundamentals: Data warehouse - a logical collection of information - gathered from many different operational databases - that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks. the primary purpose of a data warehouse is to aggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository for decision-making purposes. Extraction, information, and loading (ETL) - a process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms the information using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads the information into a data warehouse. Data mart - contains a subset of data warehouse information.  Multidimensional Analysis and Data Mining: databases contain information in a series of two-dimensional tables. in a data warehouse and data mart, information is multidimensional, it contains layers of columns and rows Dimension - a particular attribute of infor

Storing Organizational Information - Databases Relational databases fundamentals: information is everywhere in an organization. information is stored in databases. Databases - maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses). database models include: Hierarchical database model - information is organizad into a tree-like structure (using parent/child relationships) in such a way that it cannot have too many relationships. Network database model - a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships. Relationship dataase model - stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables. Entities and Attributes: Entity - a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored. Attributes (fields, columns) - characteristics or properties of an entity class. Keys and Relationships: primary keys and foreign keys identi